Infertility caused by some STDs
Originally posted 2021-09-29 09:40:56.
Some common bacterial STD’s are gonorrhea and Chlamydia. It is often described by physicians as ‘silent infection’. The reason is because, symptoms are not shown in most of the patients diagnosed with gonorrhea or Chlamydia. Center for Disease Control & Prevention has recommended all sexually active females and males of age 25 and below to have annual screening of gonorrhea and Chlamydia. If left untreated, then fertility among both women and men is likely to be affected adversely.
Cervix related inflammation, cervicitis or urethritis, urethra inflammation may take place in women, if diagnosed with Chlamydia and gonorrhea. From the bladder, liquid is drained by the Urethra. When symptoms get noticed, it is likely to include dysuria – burning sensation caused during urination; vaginal spotting, abnormal vaginal discharge, etc. If left untreated, Chlamydia infections around 10% – 15% is likely to cause infection within the upper genital tracts in the fallopian tubes or the uterus.
PID or Pelvic Inflammatory Disease as it is known is regarded to be an infection caused in upper genital tract region. This either could be symptomatic or asymptomatic. The symptoms noticed are abnormal vaginal discharge, fever, nausea, vaginal bleeding and pelvic pain. It is termed to be a serious condition, since the fallopian tubes and the uterus can be damaged permanently.
As ovaries release the eggs, it is through fallopian tubes that they travel through before the sperm fertilizes it and gets implanted within the uterus. STDs may cause Fallopian tube scarring which could prevent sperm and egg from meeting, hence, inhibiting fertilization. Moreover, the risk of ectopic pregnancy is increased, a pregnancy within the fallopian tubes, due to scarring. If scarring within fallopian tube does not allow the uterus to permit entering of a fertilized egg, ectopic pregnancy could take place. This type of pregnancy can prove to be life threatening, since it may have the fallopian tube to be ruptured. The woman is sure to die quickly due to internal bleeding, if emergency surgery is not provided.
Urethritis may also strike men due to Chlamydia and gonorrhea. Many of them may not display any kind of symptoms, which could be redness or pain a round penis opening, dysuria, or continuous penile discharge. The infection, if left untreated may spread towards the genital tracts, causing epididymitis, an inflammation of epididymis, a structure connecting testes via ducts. Testes create sperms, which travels to epididymis to mature.
Testes and scrotum swelling, warmth and redness on one side may be caused by acute epididymitis. Infections that are untreated or recurrent may cause chronic epididymitis leading to infertility having damaged sperm function, mobility and count.
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